http://reposit.library.du.ac.bd:8080/xmlui/xmlui/handle/123456789/177 Tue, 07 Apr 2026 00:25:37 GMT 2026-04-07T00:25:37Z http://reposit.library.du.ac.bd:8080/xmlui/xmlui/handle/123456789/4776 Factors Affecting Adoption of Human Resource Information Systems by Small and Medium Enterprises in Bangladesh Jabber, Mohammad Abdul This study empirically examines the factors influencing the adoption and use of Human Resource Information Systems (HRIS) among Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Bangladesh. Devising an integrated model based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2), Task-Technology Fit (TTF), and Revised Theory of Planned Behavior (RTPB), the research identifies both individual and organizational determinants of HRIS adoption. Data were collected from 708 human resource managers and administrative officers from SMEs and were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings reveal SMEs in Bangladesh primarily use HRIS for administrative purposes, with limited engagement in its strategic and analytical applications. In terms of adoption factors, performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation, task-technology fit, and firm maturity significantly influence HRIS adoption and use behavior. The findings further underscore the moderating effects of SME size on multiple adoption relationships. The study offers practical and theoretical insights to support effective HRIS implementation in the context of emerging economies. This thesis is submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Mon, 02 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://reposit.library.du.ac.bd:8080/xmlui/xmlui/handle/123456789/4776 2026-03-02T00:00:00Z http://reposit.library.du.ac.bd:8080/xmlui/xmlui/handle/123456789/4732 Impact of Microcredit on the Rural Poverty Alleviation in Bangladesh: An Evaluation Mistry, Kalyan The 21st century global development economy has been enriched and enlightened with the rapid expansion of microcredit (MC) that works for eradicating poverty and promoting human potentiality in order to build a poverty-free better world for the upcoming generations. The thousands of millions of MC members especially the downtrodden, destitute, rural poor women are fighting against poverty and changing their fate with the help of MC. For this reason, the scientist community and the climate expert groups of the world including Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) have also recommended microcredit for reducing climate vulnerability and educating climate adaptation (Cannon, 2002; Fenton et al. 2017; Heltberg and Jorgensen, 2009; Hammilli, et al. 2008, IPCC, 2001). The principal objective of this study is to examine the impact of microcredit on the rural poverty alleviation in Bangladesh. For doing this examination, an integrated theoretical framework, has been developed based on the previous related literature review. All items of the framework have been adapted from the related studies. A field survey was conducted amongst 430 respondents across the whole Bangladesh. Partial least square (PLS)-structural equation modeling (SEM) was deployed for examining the validity of the theoretical framework and testing the hypotheses. The research model of this study was tested using the SmartPLS 4.0. The research model test was constructed with two stages—one is measurement model test and another is structural model test (Crocker, L. and Algina, J. 1986 and Hair, J.F. et al. 2009). Measurement model and structural model tests were dully measured. Besides these tests, eight case studies, selected one case from each division of Bangladesh, and descriptive analysis, social-cost benefit analysis (SCBA) were also done. There are 9 hypotheses in the study. All of them have been accepted in the hypotheses test. As an advanced test, specific indirect effects were also tested for making the analysis more perfect, credible and acceptable. The result of hypotheses test is given below: This thesis is submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Wed, 05 Nov 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://reposit.library.du.ac.bd:8080/xmlui/xmlui/handle/123456789/4732 2025-11-05T00:00:00Z http://reposit.library.du.ac.bd:8080/xmlui/xmlui/handle/123456789/3600 Organizational Training Environment and Training Effectiveness: The Mediating Role of Motivation Hoque, Mahanaz The study titled Organizational Training Environment and Training Effectiveness: The Mediating Role of Motivation investigates into the complex relationships that shape the effectiveness of training programs within organizational settings. Recognizing the essential role of the training environment, this research explores its impact on training outcomes, further nuanced by the mediating influence of training motivation. In alignment with established literature, the results affirm a positive relationship between the organizational training environment and training effectiveness. This research reinforces the fundamental significance of a supportive training context in optimizing training outcomes, grounding these principles in a contemporary organizational context. Moreover, the research identifies training motivation as a significant mediator in the association between the organizational training environment and training effectiveness. This research emphasize the centrality of trainees' motivation in shaping training outcomes, extends the understanding by delineating a specific mediation pathway within the organizational training environment. Methodologically, the application of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) provides a robust statistical framework for scrutinizing the intricate relationships among the organizational training environment, training motivation, and training effectiveness, thereby contributing to the methodological rigor of the research. This study used quantitative approach. The primary data collected through structured questionnaire on the basis of 5 point scale from 420 bankers of 18 banks in Dhaka, Chottogram, Rajshashi and Khulna of Bangladesh based on simple random sampling. Collected data analyzed through demographic, descriptive and structural equation modeling by using SPSS 23 and SmartPLS 4. Reliability assessed through Cronbach’s alpha and Validity through AVE. x The study used SPSS 23 for descriptive statistics and SmartPLS 4 for hypothetical relationship among the variables in SEM Analysis. The study found reliability through Cronbach's alpha should be greater than 0.70. (Nunnally, 1978). All the items of study with a threshold value greater than 0.70 (Hair et al., 2019) that indicate reliability (Table 5.14). Validity measured on the basis of AVE and HTMT (Hair et al., 2010). Average Variance Extracted (AVE) with a threshold value of 0.50 should be used to identify convergent validity (Fornell & Larcker, 1981; Hair et al., 2019). All the AVE value of constructs more than .50 (Table 5.18) and that indicate study is valid. The HTMT analysis revealed that the HTMT ratios were all below the threshold of 0.85 (Table 5.19), indicating that these constructs exhibit discriminant validity (Henseler et al., 2015; Hair et al., 2019). Similarly, the HTMT ratios between training effectiveness and training motivation were also below the threshold, further confirming the distinctiveness of these constructs (Hair et al., 2019). I examined several key fit indices, including the Normative Fit Index (NFI), and Standardized Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR). These indices collectively provide insights into different aspects of model fit, including goodnessof- fit, parsimony, and approximation error (Hair et al., 2019; Kline, 2016). Collectively, the results of our model fit analysis indicate that the proposed research model aligns well with the observed data (Table 5.23). Path coefficients play a crucial role in structural equation modeling (SEM) as they quantify the strength and direction of the relationships between variables in a hypothesized model threshold value below .05 (Hair et al., 2019; Kline, 2016). The study found that all hypothesized relations are supported (Table 5.25 and 5.26) that indicates organization training environment has significant impact on training effectiveness with mediating role of motivation. The theoretical implications of this research shed light on the complicated relationships within organizational training, emphasizing the mediating role of Training Motivation in xi the connection between the training environment and effectiveness. This contributes to the existing theoretical framework by offering a good appreciative of how motivational factors influence the translation of a supportive training environment into tangible training outcomes. On a practical level, organizations can leverage these findings to enhance their training programs by fostering a conducive learning environment and understanding the important role of motivating trainees. Aligning training strategies with the identified mediation pathway may lead to more impactful and tailored interventions, ultimately optimizing the effectiveness of organizational training initiatives. This research provides a valuable bridge between theory and practice, offering actionable insights for organizations aiming to refine their training approaches and achieve tangible results. This Dissertation is submitted to the Faculty of Business Studies, University of Dhaka as Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Management. Mon, 10 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://reposit.library.du.ac.bd:8080/xmlui/xmlui/handle/123456789/3600 2025-02-10T00:00:00Z http://reposit.library.du.ac.bd:8080/xmlui/xmlui/handle/123456789/3477 Public Private Partnership in the Higher Education Sector in Bangladesh: A Study on Model Building for Efficient Management System and Implementation Mechanism Mannan, Zahed Given the recent surge in secondary (including higher secondary) graduates, there is an escalating need for higher education. Consequently, the government is facing challenges in managing the necessary investments for expanding educational infrastructure, while also striving to enhance the quality and relevance of education. Currently, private providers of higher education have the capacity to absorb approximately 12 percent of tertiary enrolment. Nevertheless, the responsibility of ensuring access to higher education for the majority of students, who constitute a significant share, still lies with the government. The Government of Bangladesh is confronted with significant issues within the realm of higher education. Despite achieving middle-income status, Bangladesh still faces a significant demand for a substantial number of highly skilled tertiary graduates, particularly in fields such as engineering, science, medicine, and agriculture. These professionals are crucial for driving the country’s ongoing national development efforts. Higher education plays a crucial role in the production of such graduates. However, it is evident that the state of higher education, particularly in terms of research, presents a bleak outlook. There has been a decline in enrollment, and students with exceptional abilities are sometimes dissuaded from pursuing scientific studies due to limited career prospects. Additionally, the absence of competent academic personnel and research infrastructure further exacerbates the situation. The availability of research facilities and possibilities within higher education institutions (HEIs) is diminishing, and numerous challenges are impeding the advancement of science and technology education at the tertiary level. The current circumstances necessitate a shift in direction, which entails the allocation of resources and efforts from both public and private entities through the implementation of a public-private partnership (PPP). The main objective of this study is to build a model for an effective management system and implementation mechanism within the specific context of Bangladesh. The study presents a theoretical framework that encompasses five key elements: operating environment, capacity development, project financing, project development, and commitment of government. The study also employs the Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) Framework to examine and facilitate policy transformation in higher education for public-private partnership arrangements. The IAD Framework facilitates comprehension of essential variables and the evaluation process for assessing the efficacy of employing Public-Private Partnerships as a method for advancing higher education in Bangladesh. The study was conducted by conducting a comprehensive analysis of existing literature and gathering primary data through interviews with professionals from both the public and private sectors, as well as experts engaged in public-private partnership initiatives in Bangladesh. The current study used a contemporaneous triangular method. A comprehensive review of literature and gathering of perspectives from academic experts and professionals in the field of higher education were conducted concurrently to identify an appropriate Public-Private Partnership model that can be implemented in the higher education sector. The development of a survey questionnaire was informed by the findings of the literature review. The intended recipients of the questionnaire included top-level administrators from a sample of public universities, managerial personnel from government ministries, chairpersons/members/vice chancellors of Trustee Boards of private universities, and leaders from various industries. Prior to the finalization of the questionnaire, expert opinion was sought. The questionnaire was thereafter administered to the sample universities/respondents. A sample size of 180 participants were selected using purposive sampling approaches, encompassing individuals from various public and private universities, organizations, departments, enterprises, and agencies. Among the 180 participants, a purposive sampling approach was employed to choose 90 individuals for the interviews. These individuals were chosen based on their roles within the public and private sectors, including 10 Vice Chancellors, 10 Pro-Vice Chancellors, and 10 Treasurers from public universities, as well as 15 Vice Chancellors from private universities. Additionally, 20 industry leaders from the private sector and 25 individuals from 6 public organizations/departments were included. The selection criteria ensured that all chosen participants possessed knowledge of public-private partnerships or had involvement in the administration of the relevant institutions. The participants chosen for the interviews were purposively picked based on their expertise in PPP or their involvement in the administration of relevant institutions. The internal consistency of the rate point scale and Likert scale utilized in the survey questionnaire was assessed for reliability by the application of Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient. The quantitative data collected from respondents was examined using the mean score approach. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was employed to perform several statistical analyses, including Chi square test, analysis of variance (One-Factor ANOVA test), and the Independent t-test, in order to analyze the collected data. The content analysis method was employed to assess the literature review and case studies. In addition, the qualitative data analysis was conducted using NVivo software. The results were verified using statistical techniques. The final conclusion and proposals have been generated and narrated based on the statistical analysis of empirical data and the conceptualization of PPP models in the education sector. The study presents additional empirical support for the various limitations that impede the efficacy of public-private partnerships in the context of higher education in Bangladesh. These constraints encompass a lack of regulatory assurance, deficient financial forecasting, inadequate feasibility evaluations, ineffective communication, insufficient financial capital, project termination, and contract renegotiation, among others. In order to address the aforementioned constraints, it is imperative for the PPP to formulate a concise and well-defined set of objectives pertaining to higher education. Moreover, the research endeavors to establish a comprehensive model for higher education known as the Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model. This model not only serves as a foundation for the enhancement of higher education policies, but also offers valuable insights for its efficient implementation. The aforementioned findings have the potential to contribute to the development of effective methodologies aimed at improving the process, establishing suitable institutions, and implementing a fair and transparent legal framework. These measures would ultimately promote the participation of the private sector in higher education within the context of Bangladesh. This paper presents a theoretical framework that aims to elucidate the mechanisms via which public-private partnerships affect universities, thereby influencing the establishment and development of university-industry collaborations. This work presents three distinct theoretical contributions based on the obtained findings. The findings underscore the significance of successful private involvement in the academic endeavors of universities, particularly in research activities, as it contributes to the augmentation of research initiatives and the enhancement of educational quality. This study contributes to the existing body of literature on public-private partnership activity by examining its implementation within the higher education sector. The findings are deemed valuable for practitioners who are either contemplating or now engaged in Public-Private Partnership projects. Practitioners engaged in ongoing projects can enhance their comprehension of project execution methodologies, hence enabling them to optimize operational efficiency. From the findings and observations, relevant recommendations are made for effective implementation of the PPP in higher education. It also discusses theoretical and practical contributions of the study. Finally, the study highlights a number of areas for future research. A thesis submitted to the Department of Management at University of Dhaka in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Wed, 20 Nov 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://reposit.library.du.ac.bd:8080/xmlui/xmlui/handle/123456789/3477 2024-11-20T00:00:00Z